123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436 |
- <!--
- 这是一个HTML综合学习文档模板,包含了HTML5的基本结构、文本标签、多媒体标签、表单元素、HTML5语义化标签等内容。
- 每个部分都配有详细注释,便于学习和理解。
- -->
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="zh-CN">
- <head>
- <!-- 设置字符编码为UTF-8 -->
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <!-- 设置视口,保证移动端自适应 -->
- <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
- <!-- 页面标题 -->
- <title>HTML综合学习文档</title>
- <!-- 引入Font Awesome图标库 -->
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css">
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="完整HTML模板设计.css">
- </head>
- <body>
- <!-- 页头区域,包含logo和主题切换按钮 -->
- <header>
- <div class="logo">
- <i class="fab fa-html5"></i>
- <span>HTML综合学习文档</span>
- </div>
- <button class="theme-toggle" id="themeToggle">
- <i class="fas fa-moon"></i>
- <span>暗色模式</span>
- </button>
- </header>
- <!-- 侧边栏导航,包含各章节锚点 -->
- <aside>
- <div class="sidebar-section">
- <h3><i class="fas fa-book"></i> HTML基础</h3>
- <ul class="sidebar-links">
- <li><a href="#basic-structure"><i class="fas fa-code"></i> 基本结构标签</a></li>
- <li><a href="#text-tags"><i class="fas fa-heading"></i> 文本标签</a></li>
- <li><a href="#multimedia"><i class="fas fa-image"></i> 多媒体标签</a></li>
- <li><a href="#links"><i class="fas fa-link"></i> 超链接标签</a></li>
- <li><a href="#tables"><i class="fas fa-table"></i> 表格标签</a></li>
- <li><a href="#lists"><i class="fas fa-list"></i> 列表标签</a></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <div class="sidebar-section">
- <h3><i class="fas fa-edit"></i> 表单元素</h3>
- <ul class="sidebar-links">
- <li><a href="#forms"><i class="fas fa-window-maximize"></i> 表单基础</a></li>
- <li><a href="#inputs"><i class="fas fa-keyboard"></i> 输入类型</a></li>
- <li><a href="#html5-forms"><i class="fab fa-html5"></i> HTML5表单</a></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <div class="sidebar-section">
- <h3><i class="fas fa-star"></i> HTML5特性</h3>
- <ul class="sidebar-links">
- <li><a href="#html5-tags"><i class="fas fa-tags"></i> 语义化标签</a></li>
- <li><a href="#multimedia"><i class="fas fa-play-circle"></i> 音视频</a></li>
- <li><a href="#html5-apis"><i class="fas fa-cogs"></i> 新API</a></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </aside>
- <!-- 主内容区域,包含各知识点详细内容 -->
- <main>
- <!-- HTML基本结构部分 -->
- <section id="basic-structure" class="section-card">
- <h2><i class="fas fa-code"></i> HTML基本结构标签</h2>
- <!-- 基本结构标签表格 -->
- <table>
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th>标签名</th>
- <th>定义</th>
- <th>说明</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td><html></html></td>
- <td>HTML标签</td>
- <td>页面中最大的标签,称为根标签</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><head></head></td>
- <td>文档的头部</td>
- <td>必须设置title标签</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><title></title></td>
- <td>文档的标题</td>
- <td>页面标题</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><body></body></td>
- <td>文档的主体</td>
- <td>包含文档的所有内容</td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- <!-- 基本结构代码示例 -->
- <h3>基本结构示例:</h3>
- <div class="code-block">
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="zh-CN">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>页面标题</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>我的第一个网页</h1>
- <p>欢迎来到我的网站!</p>
- </body>
- </html>
- </div>
- </section>
- <!-- 文本标签部分 -->
- <section id="text-tags" class="section-card">
- <h2><i class="fas fa-heading"></i> 文本标签</h2>
- <!-- 标题标签示例 -->
- <h3>标题标签 <h1> 到 <h6></h3>
- <div class="tag-example">
- <h1>一级标题</h1>
- <h2>二级标题</h2>
- <h3>三级标题</h3>
- <h4>四级标题</h4>
- <h5>五级标题</h5>
- <h6>六级标题</h6>
- </div>
- <!-- 文本格式化标签表格 -->
- <h3>文本格式化标签</h3>
- <table>
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th>语义</th>
- <th>标签</th>
- <th>说明</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>加粗</td>
- <td><strong> 或 <b></td>
- <td>推荐使用 <strong> 语义更强烈</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>倾斜</td>
- <td><em> 或 <i></td>
- <td>推荐使用 <em> 语义更强烈</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>删除线</td>
- <td><del> 或 <s></td>
- <td>推荐使用 <del> 语义更强烈</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>下划线</td>
- <td><ins> 或 <u></td>
- <td>推荐使用 <ins> 语义更强烈</td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- <!-- 文本格式化标签示例 -->
- <div class="tag-example">
- <p><strong>加粗文本</strong> 和 <b>加粗文本</b></p>
- <p><em>倾斜文本</em> 和 <i>倾斜文本</i></p>
- <p><del>删除线文本</del> 和 <s>删除线文本</s></p>
- <p><ins>下划线文本</ins> 和 <u>下划线文本</u></p>
- </div>
- <!-- div和span标签示例 -->
- <h3><div> 和 <span> 标签</h3>
- <div class="tag-example">
- <div style="background: #e0e0e0; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
- 这是一个div块级元素,通常用于布局容器
- </div>
- <p>这是一段文本,其中<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;">span元素</span>用于对文本的一部分进行样式设置。</p>
- </div>
- </section>
- <!-- 多媒体标签部分 -->
- <section class="section-card">
- <h2><i class="fas fa-image"></i> 多媒体标签</h2>
- <!-- 图像标签说明与示例 -->
- <h3>图像标签 <img></h3>
- <div class="flex" id="multimedia">
- <div style="flex: 1;">
- <h4>图像属性:</h4>
- <ul>
- <li><strong>src</strong>:图像路径(必须)</li>
- <li><strong>alt</strong>:替代文本(图像无法显示时)</li>
- <li><strong>title</strong>:悬停提示文本</li>
- </ul>
- <h4 class="mt-2">路径示例:</h4>
- <div class="example-box">
- <p><img src="image.jpg" alt="描述"> <span style="color: green;">// 同一级路径</span></p>
- <p><img src="images/image.jpg"> <span style="color: green;">// 下一级路径</span></p>
- <p><img src="../image.jpg"> <span style="color: green;">// 上一级路径</span></p>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div style="flex: 1; text-align: center;">
- <img src="https://via.placeholder.com/300x200" alt="占位图像" title="这是一个示例图像"
- style="max-width: 100%; border-radius: var(--border-radius);">
- <p class="text-center mt-2">示例图像</p>
- </div>
- </div>
- <!-- 音频标签说明与示例 -->
- <h3>音频标签 <audio></h3>
- <div class="flex">
- <div style="flex: 1;">
- <h4>属性:</h4>
- <ul>
- <li><strong>src</strong>:音频URL(必须)</li>
- <li><strong>controls</strong>:显示控制面板</li>
- <li><strong>loop</strong>:循环播放</li>
- <li><strong>autoplay</strong>:自动播放</li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <div style="flex: 1;">
- <audio controls style="width: 100%;">
- <source src="https://www.soundhelix.com/examples/mp3/SoundHelix-Song-1.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
- 您的浏览器不支持音频元素。
- </audio>
- </div>
- </div>
- <!-- 视频标签说明与示例 -->
- <h3>视频标签 <video></h3>
- <div class="flex">
- <div style="flex: 1;">
- <h4>属性:</h4>
- <ul>
- <li><strong>src</strong>:视频URL(必须)</li>
- <li><strong>controls</strong>:显示控制面板</li>
- <li><strong>muted</strong>:静音播放</li>
- <li><strong>loop</strong>:循环播放</li>
- <li><strong>autoplay</strong>:自动播放</li>
- <li><strong>poster</strong>:加载等待画面</li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <div style="flex: 1;">
- <video controls width="100%" poster="https://via.placeholder.com/300x200">
- <source src="https://sample-videos.com/video123/mp4/720/big_buck_bunny_720p_1mb.mp4"
- type="video/mp4">
- 您的浏览器不支持视频元素。
- </video>
- </div>
- </div>
- </section>
- <!-- 表单部分 -->
- <section id="forms" class="section-card">
- <h2><i class="fas fa-window-maximize"></i> 表单元素</h2>
- <!-- 表单标签属性表格 -->
- <h3>表单域 <form></h3>
- <table>
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th>属性</th>
- <th>值</th>
- <th>作用</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>action</td>
- <td>url地址</td>
- <td>指定处理表单数据的服务器URL</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>method</td>
- <td>get/post</td>
- <td>设置表单数据的提交方式</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>name</td>
- <td>名称</td>
- <td>指定表单名称,区分多个表单</td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- <!-- 输入元素示例表单 -->
- <h3>输入元素 <input></h3>
- <form id="exampleForm" class="tag-example">
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="username">用户名:</label>
- <input type="text" id="username" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名">
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="password">密码:</label>
- <input type="password" id="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码">
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label>性别:</label>
- <div style="display: flex; gap: 15px; margin-top: 8px;">
- <label style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px;">
- <input type="radio" name="gender" value="male" checked> 男
- </label>
- <label style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px;">
- <input type="radio" name="gender" value="female"> 女
- </label>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label>兴趣爱好:</label>
- <div style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 15px; margin-top: 8px;">
- <label style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px;">
- <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="reading"> 阅读
- </label>
- <label style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px;">
- <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="sports"> 运动
- </label>
- <label style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px;">
- <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="music"> 音乐
- </label>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="country">国家:</label>
- <select id="country" name="country">
- <option value="">请选择国家</option>
- <option value="china">中国</option>
- <option value="usa">美国</option>
- <option value="uk">英国</option>
- <option value="japan">日本</option>
- </select>
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="bio">个人简介:</label>
- <textarea id="bio" name="bio" rows="4" placeholder="请输入个人简介"></textarea>
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="avatar">上传头像:</label>
- <input type="file" id="avatar" name="avatar">
- </div>
- <div class="flex">
- <button type="submit" class="btn"><i class="fas fa-paper-plane"></i> 提交</button>
- <button type="reset" class="btn btn-danger"><i class="fas fa-redo"></i> 重置</button>
- <button type="button" class="btn btn-success"><i class="fas fa-download"></i> 保存</button>
- </div>
- </form>
- </section>
- <!-- HTML5语义化标签与表单增强部分 -->
- <section id="html5-tags" class="section-card">
- <h2><i class="fas fa-tags"></i> HTML5语义化标签</h2>
- <!-- 语义化标签结构示例 -->
- <div class="tag-example" style="position: relative; height: 300px;">
- <header style="background: var(--primary); color: white; padding: 10px; text-align: center;">
- <header> - 页面头部
- </header>
- <nav style="background: var(--secondary); color: white; padding: 10px; margin: 10px 0;">
- <nav> - 导航栏
- </nav>
- <div style="display: flex; gap: 10px; height: 200px;">
- <article style="background: #e0f7fa; flex: 3; padding: 10px;">
- <article> - 主要内容
- <section style="background: #bbdefb; margin: 10px 0; padding: 10px;">
- <section> - 内容区块
- </section>
- </article>
- <aside style="background: #ffecb3; flex: 1; padding: 10px;">
- <aside> - 侧边栏
- </aside>
- </div>
- <footer
- style="background: var(--dark); color: white; padding: 10px; text-align: center; margin-top: 10px;">
- <footer> - 页脚
- </footer>
- </div>
- <!-- HTML5表单增强示例 -->
- <h3>HTML5表单增强</h3>
- <form class="tag-example">
- <div class="grid">
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="email">邮箱:</label>
- <input type="email" id="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱" required>
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="url">个人网站:</label>
- <input type="url" id="url" placeholder="请输入网址">
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="date">出生日期:</label>
- <input type="date" id="date">
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="color">主题色:</label>
- <input type="color" id="color" value="#4361ee">
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="range">音量:</label>
- <input type="range" id="range" min="0" max="100" value="50">
- </div>
- <div class="form-group">
- <label for="search">搜索:</label>
- <input type="search" id="search" placeholder="搜索内容">
- </div>
- </div>
- <button type="submit" class="btn">提交HTML5表单</button>
- </form>
- </section>
- </main>
- <!-- 页脚区域,版权信息 -->
- <footer>
- <p>© 2023 HTML综合学习文档 | 包含HTML5所有核心特性</p>
- </footer>
- <script>
- // 主题切换功能:点击按钮切换暗色/亮色主题
- document.getElementById('themeToggle').addEventListener('click', function () {
- document.body.classList.toggle('dark-theme');
- if (document.body.classList.contains('dark-theme')) {
- this.innerHTML = '<i class="fas fa-sun"></i> 亮色模式';
- } else {
- this.innerHTML = '<i class="fas fa-moon"></i> 暗色模式';
- }
- });
- // 表单提交演示,阻止默认提交并弹窗提示
- document.getElementById('exampleForm').addEventListener('submit', function (e) {
- e.preventDefault();
- alert('表单已提交(演示功能)');
- });
- // 页面锚点平滑滚动
- document.querySelectorAll('a[href^="#"]').forEach(anchor => {
- anchor.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
- e.preventDefault();
- const targetId = this.getAttribute('href');
- if (targetId === '#') return;
- const targetElement = document.querySelector(targetId);
- if (targetElement) {
- window.scrollTo({
- top: targetElement.offsetTop - 80,
- behavior: 'smooth'
- });
- }
- });
- });
- </script>
- </body>
- </html>
|