AcidMap/scripts/import_agricultural.py

"""
Agricultural数据导入脚本
@description: 从Excel文件读取agricultural_data数据并导入到agricultural_data表
"""

import os
import sys
import pandas as pd
import logging
from datetime import datetime
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

# 添加项目根目录到Python路径
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))

from app.database import engine, SessionLocal
from app.models.agricultural import AgriculturalData  # 需创建对应的ORM模型

# 设置日志
logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class AgriculturalDataImporter:
    """
    农业投入品数据导入器

    @description: 从Excel文件读取农业投入品数据并导入到数据库
    """

    def __init__(self, excel_path, sheet_name='Agricultural'):
        """
        初始化导入器

        @param {str} excel_path - Excel文件路径
        @param {str} sheet_name - Sheet名称，默认为'agricultural_data'
        """
        self.excel_path = excel_path
        self.sheet_name = sheet_name

        # 定义必需字段列表（根据数据库设计文档）
        self.required_columns = [
            'county_name', 'crop_sowing_area', 'nitrogen_usage',
            'phosphorus_usage', 'potassium_usage', 'compound_usage',
            'organic_usage', 'pesticide_usage', 'farmyard_usage',
            'plastic_film_usage', 'nitrogen_cd_flux', 'phosphorus_cd_flux',
            'potassium_cd_flux', 'compound_cd_flux', 'organic_cd_flux',
            'pesticide_cd_flux', 'farmyard_cd_flux', 'plastic_film_cd_flux',
            'total_cd_flux', 'data_year'
        ]

        # 数值型字段列表
        self.numeric_columns = [
            'crop_sowing_area', 'nitrogen_usage', 'phosphorus_usage',
            'potassium_usage', 'compound_usage', 'organic_usage',
            'pesticide_usage', 'farmyard_usage', 'plastic_film_usage',
            'nitrogen_cd_flux', 'phosphorus_cd_flux', 'potassium_cd_flux',
            'compound_cd_flux', 'organic_cd_flux', 'pesticide_cd_flux',
            'farmyard_cd_flux', 'plastic_film_cd_flux', 'total_cd_flux',
            'data_year'
        ]

    def read_excel_data(self):
        """
        读取Excel文件数据

        @returns: DataFrame 读取的数据
        """
        try:
            logger.info(f"开始读取Excel文件: {self.excel_path}")
            logger.info(f"Sheet名称: {self.sheet_name}")

            # 检查文件是否存在
            if not os.path.exists(self.excel_path):
                raise FileNotFoundError(f"Excel文件不存在: {self.excel_path}")

            # 读取Excel文件
            df = pd.read_excel(self.excel_path, sheet_name=self.sheet_name)

            logger.info(f"成功读取数据，共 {len(df)} 行")
            logger.info(f"数据列: {list(df.columns)}")

            # 显示前几行数据供确认
            logger.info("前5行数据预览:")
            logger.info(df.head().to_string())

            return df

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"读取Excel文件失败: {str(e)}")
            raise

    def validate_data(self, df):
        """
        验证数据格式和完整性

        @param {DataFrame} df - 要验证的数据
        @returns: DataFrame 验证后的数据
        """
        try:
            logger.info("开始验证数据...")

            # 检查必需的列是否存在
            missing_columns = [col for col in self.required_columns if col not in df.columns]

            if missing_columns:
                raise ValueError(f"缺少必需的列: {missing_columns}")

            # 将列名转换为小写（带下划线）
            df.columns = [col.lower() for col in df.columns]
            required_columns_lower = [col.lower() for col in self.required_columns]
            numeric_columns_lower = [col.lower() for col in self.numeric_columns]

            # 检查数据类型
            logger.info("检查数据类型...")

            # 转换数值类型
            for col in numeric_columns_lower:
                if col in df.columns:
                    # 对于数值列，转换为浮点数
                    df[col] = pd.to_numeric(df[col], errors='coerce')

                    # 处理特殊字段data_year（转换为整数）
                    if col == 'data_year':
                        df[col] = df[col].astype(pd.Int64Dtype(), errors='ignore')

            # 处理空值 - 所有字段必须非空（除了县市名称可能是文本）
            empty_columns = df.isnull().any()
            empty_cols = [col for col in empty_columns.index if empty_columns[col]]

            if empty_cols:
                logger.warning(f"发现以下列存在空值: {', '.join(empty_cols)}")

                # 对于数值列，如果有空值，填充为0
                for col in numeric_columns_lower:
                    if col in df.columns and df[col].isnull().any():
                        df[col] = df[col].fillna(0)
                        logger.info(f"已将 {col} 的空值替换为0")

                # 再次检查县市名称
                if 'county_name' in df.columns and df['county_name'].isnull().any():
                    logger.warning("县市名称存在空值，填充为'未知区域'")
                    df['county_name'] = df['county_name'].fillna('未知区域')

            # 验证逻辑关系：总镉输入通量是否等于各分项之和
            tolerance = 1e-6
            total_calculated = (
                    df['nitrogen_cd_flux'] + df['phosphorus_cd_flux'] +
                    df['potassium_cd_flux'] + df['compound_cd_flux'] +
                    df['organic_cd_flux'] + df['pesticide_cd_flux'] +
                    df['farmyard_cd_flux'] + df['plastic_film_cd_flux']
            )

            mismatches = abs(df['total_cd_flux'] - total_calculated) > tolerance

            if mismatches.any():
                mismatched_indices = mismatches[mismatches].index.tolist()
                logger.warning(f"发现 {len(mismatched_indices)} 行 total_cd_flux 值与各分项之和不一致:")

                for i in mismatched_indices[:5]:  # 只显示前5个示例
                    logger.warning(f"行 {i}: total_cd_flux={df.at[i, 'total_cd_flux']}, 计算值={total_calculated[i]}")

                # 用计算值覆盖原始值
                df['total_cd_flux'] = total_calculated
                logger.info("已自动修正 total_cd_flux 值为各分项之和")

            logger.info(f"数据验证完成，有效数据 {len(df)} 行")

            return df

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"数据验证失败: {str(e)}")
            raise

    def import_data(self, df):
        """
        将数据导入到数据库

        @param {DataFrame} df - 要导入的数据
        """
        try:
            logger.info("开始导入数据到数据库...")

            # 创建数据库会话
            db = SessionLocal()

            try:
                # 检查是否有重复数据
                existing_count = db.query(AgriculturalData).count()
                logger.info(f"数据库中现有数据: {existing_count} 条")

                # 批量创建对象
                batch_size = 1000
                total_rows = len(df)
                imported_count = 0

                for i in range(0, total_rows, batch_size):
                    batch_df = df.iloc[i:i + batch_size]
                    batch_objects = []

                    for _, row in batch_df.iterrows():
                        try:
                            # 创建AgriculturalData对象
                            agricultural_data = AgriculturalData(
                                county_name=str(row['county_name']),
                                crop_sowing_area=float(row['crop_sowing_area']),
                                nitrogen_usage=float(row['nitrogen_usage']),
                                phosphorus_usage=float(row['phosphorus_usage']),
                                potassium_usage=float(row['potassium_usage']),
                                compound_usage=float(row['compound_usage']),
                                organic_usage=float(row['organic_usage']),
                                pesticide_usage=float(row['pesticide_usage']),
                                farmyard_usage=float(row['farmyard_usage']),
                                plastic_film_usage=float(row['plastic_film_usage']),
                                nitrogen_cd_flux=float(row['nitrogen_cd_flux']),
                                phosphorus_cd_flux=float(row['phosphorus_cd_flux']),
                                potassium_cd_flux=float(row['potassium_cd_flux']),
                                compound_cd_flux=float(row['compound_cd_flux']),
                                organic_cd_flux=float(row['organic_cd_flux']),
                                pesticide_cd_flux=float(row['pesticide_cd_flux']),
                                farmyard_cd_flux=float(row['farmyard_cd_flux']),
                                plastic_film_cd_flux=float(row['plastic_film_cd_flux']),
                                total_cd_flux=float(row['total_cd_flux']),
                                data_year=int(row['data_year'])
                            )
                            batch_objects.append(agricultural_data)

                        except Exception as e:
                            logger.warning(f"跳过行 {i + _}: {str(e)}")
                            continue

                    if batch_objects:
                        # 批量插入
                        db.add_all(batch_objects)
                        db.commit()
                        imported_count += len(batch_objects)
                        logger.info(f"已导入 {imported_count}/{total_rows} 条数据")

                logger.info(f"数据导入完成! 成功导入 {imported_count} 条数据")

                # 验证导入结果
                final_count = db.query(AgriculturalData).count()
                logger.info(f"导入后数据库总数据: {final_count} 条")

            except Exception as e:
                db.rollback()
                logger.error(f"数据导入失败，已回滚: {str(e)}")
                raise
            finally:
                db.close()

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"数据导入过程失败: {str(e)}")
            raise

    def run_import(self):
        """
        执行完整的导入流程
        """
        try:
            logger.info("=" * 60)
            logger.info("开始农业投入品数据导入流程")
            logger.info("=" * 60)

            # 1. 读取Excel数据
            df = self.read_excel_data()

            # 2. 验证数据
            df = self.validate_data(df)

            # 3. 导入数据
            self.import_data(df)

            logger.info("=" * 60)
            logger.info("农业投入品数据导入流程完成!")
            logger.info("=" * 60)

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"导入流程失败: {str(e)}")
            raise


def main():
    """
    主函数
    """
    # Excel文件路径
    excel_path = r"D:\destkop\数据库对应数据.xlsx"  # 与原始文件相同
    sheet_name = "Agricultural"  # 指定对应的sheet名称

    try:
        # 创建导入器并执行导入
        importer = AgriculturalDataImporter(excel_path, sheet_name)
        importer.run_import()

    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"程序执行失败: {str(e)}")
        sys.exit(1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()