AcidMap/scripts/import_atmo_sample.py

"""
Atmo_sample数据导入脚本
@description: 从Excel文件读取大气颗粒物采样数据并导入到atmo_sample_data表
"""

import os
import sys
import pandas as pd
import logging
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

# 添加项目根目录到Python路径
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))

from app.database import engine, SessionLocal
from app.models.atmo_sample import AtmoSampleData  # 需创建对应的ORM模型

# 设置日志
logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class AtmoSampleDataImporter:
    """
    大气颗粒物采样数据导入器

    @description: 从Excel文件读取大气颗粒物采样数据并导入到数据库
    """

    def __init__(self, excel_path, sheet_name='Atmo_sample'):
        """
        初始化导入器

        @param {str} excel_path - Excel文件路径
        @param {str} sheet_name - Sheet名称，默认为'Atmo_sample'
        """
        self.excel_path = excel_path
        self.sheet_name = sheet_name

        # 定义必需字段列表（根据数据库设计文档）
        self.required_columns = [
            'ID', 'longitude', 'latitude', 'sampling_location',
            'start_time', 'end_time', 'cumulative_time',
            'average_flow_rate', 'cumulative_true_volume',
            'cumulative_standard_volume', 'sample_type',
            'sample_name', 'Cr_particulate', 'As_particulate',
            'Cd_particulate', 'Hg_particulate', 'Pb_particulate',
            'particle_weight', 'standard_volume',
            'particle_concentration', 'sample_code',
            'temperature', 'pressure', 'humidity',
            'wind_speed', 'wind_direction'
        ]

        # 数值型字段列表
        self.numeric_columns = [
            'longitude', 'latitude', 'average_flow_rate',
            'cumulative_true_volume', 'cumulative_standard_volume',
            'Cr_particulate', 'As_particulate', 'Cd_particulate',
            'Hg_particulate', 'Pb_particulate', 'particle_weight',
            'standard_volume', 'particle_concentration',
            'temperature', 'pressure', 'humidity', 'wind_speed'
        ]

    def read_excel_data(self):
        """
        读取Excel文件数据

        @returns: DataFrame 读取的数据
        """
        try:
            logger.info(f"开始读取Excel文件: {self.excel_path}")
            logger.info(f"Sheet名称: {self.sheet_name}")

            # 检查文件是否存在
            if not os.path.exists(self.excel_path):
                raise FileNotFoundError(f"Excel文件不存在: {self.excel_path}")

            # 读取Excel文件
            df = pd.read_excel(self.excel_path, sheet_name=self.sheet_name)

            logger.info(f"成功读取数据，共 {len(df)} 行")
            logger.info(f"数据列: {list(df.columns)}")

            # 显示前几行数据供确认
            logger.info("前5行数据预览:")
            logger.info(df.head().to_string())

            return df

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"读取Excel文件失败: {str(e)}")
            raise

    def validate_data(self, df):
        """
        验证数据格式和完整性

        @param {DataFrame} df - 要验证的数据
        @returns: DataFrame 验证后的数据
        """
        try:
            logger.info("开始验证数据...")

            # 检查必需的列是否存在
            missing_columns = [col for col in self.required_columns if col not in df.columns]

            if missing_columns:
                raise ValueError(f"缺少必需的列: {missing_columns}")


            # 检查数据类型
            logger.info("检查数据类型...")


            # 验证颗粒物浓度逻辑关系
            particle_cols = ['particle_weight', 'standard_volume', 'particle_concentration']
            if all(col in df.columns for col in particle_cols):
                # 计算颗粒物浓度 = 颗粒物质量(mg) * 1000 / 标准体积(m³)
                # 因为浓度单位是ug/m³，而颗粒物质量单位是mg（1mg = 1000ug）
                calculated_concentration = df['particle_weight'] * 1000 / df['standard_volume']

                tolerance = 1e-6
                mismatches = abs(df['particle_concentration'] - calculated_concentration) > tolerance

                if mismatches.any():
                    mismatched_indices = mismatches[mismatches].index.tolist()
                    logger.warning(f"发现 {len(mismatched_indices)} 行颗粒物浓度值不符合逻辑:")

                    for i in mismatched_indices[:5]:
                        logger.warning(
                            f"行 {i}: 计算值={calculated_concentration[i]}, 实际值={df.at[i, 'particle_concentration']}")

                    # 用计算值覆盖原始值
                    df['particle_concentration'] = calculated_concentration
                    logger.info("已自动修正颗粒物浓度值")

            # 处理空值
            empty_columns = df.isnull().any()
            empty_cols = [col for col in empty_columns.index if empty_columns[col]]

            if empty_cols:
                logger.warning(f"发现以下列存在空值: {', '.join(empty_cols)}")

                # 文本列填充空值
                text_columns = ['id', 'sampling_location', 'start_time', 'end_time', 'cumulative_time',
                                'sample_type', 'sample_name', 'sample_code', 'wind_direction']

                for col in text_columns:
                    if col in df.columns and df[col].isnull().any():
                        logger.warning(f"{col}列存在空值，填充为'未知'")
                        df[col] = df[col].fillna('未知')



            logger.info(f"数据验证完成，有效数据 {len(df)} 行")

            return df

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"数据验证失败: {str(e)}")
            raise

    def import_data(self, df):
        """
        将数据导入到数据库

        @param {DataFrame} df - 要导入的数据
        """
        try:
            logger.info("开始导入数据到数据库...")

            # 创建数据库会话
            db = SessionLocal()

            try:
                # 检查是否有重复数据
                existing_count = db.query(AtmoSampleData).count()
                logger.info(f"数据库中现有数据: {existing_count} 条")

                # 批量创建对象
                batch_size = 100
                total_rows = len(df)
                imported_count = 0

                for i in range(0, total_rows, batch_size):
                    batch_df = df.iloc[i:i + batch_size]
                    batch_objects = []

                    for _, row in batch_df.iterrows():
                        try:
                            # 创建AtmoSampleData对象
                            atmo_sample = AtmoSampleData(
                                id=str(row['ID']),
                                longitude=float(row['longitude']),
                                latitude=float(row['latitude']),
                                sampling_location=str(row['sampling_location']),
                                start_time=str(row['start_time']),
                                end_time=str(row['end_time']),
                                cumulative_time=str(row['cumulative_time']),
                                average_flow_rate=float(row['average_flow_rate']),
                                cumulative_true_volume=float(row['cumulative_true_volume']),
                                cumulative_standard_volume=float(row['cumulative_standard_volume']),
                                sample_type=str(row['sample_type']),
                                sample_name=str(row['sample_name']),
                                Cr_particulate=float(row['Cr_particulate']),
                                As_particulate=float(row['As_particulate']),
                                Cd_particulate=float(row['Cd_particulate']),
                                Hg_particulate=float(row['Hg_particulate']),
                                Pb_particulate=float(row['Pb_particulate']),
                                particle_weight=float(row['particle_weight']),
                                standard_volume=float(row['standard_volume']),
                                particle_concentration=float(row['particle_concentration']),
                                sample_code=str(row['sample_code']),
                                temperature=float(row['temperature']),
                                pressure=float(row['pressure']),
                                humidity=float(row['humidity']),
                                wind_speed=float(row['wind_speed']),
                                wind_direction=str(row['wind_direction'])
                            )
                            batch_objects.append(atmo_sample)

                        except Exception as e:
                            logger.warning(f"跳过行 {i + _}: {str(e)}")
                            continue

                    if batch_objects:
                        # 批量插入
                        db.add_all(batch_objects)
                        db.commit()
                        imported_count += len(batch_objects)
                        logger.info(f"已导入 {imported_count}/{total_rows} 条数据")

                logger.info(f"数据导入完成! 成功导入 {imported_count} 条数据")

                # 验证导入结果
                final_count = db.query(AtmoSampleData).count()
                logger.info(f"导入后数据库总数据: {final_count} 条")

            except Exception as e:
                db.rollback()
                logger.error(f"数据导入失败，已回滚: {str(e)}")
                raise
            finally:
                db.close()

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"数据导入过程失败: {str(e)}")
            raise

    def run_import(self):
        """
        执行完整的导入流程
        """
        try:
            logger.info("=" * 60)
            logger.info("开始大气颗粒物采样数据导入流程")
            logger.info("=" * 60)

            # 1. 读取Excel数据
            df = self.read_excel_data()

            # 2. 验证数据
            df = self.validate_data(df)

            # 3. 导入数据
            self.import_data(df)

            logger.info("=" * 60)
            logger.info("大气颗粒物采样数据导入流程完成!")
            logger.info("=" * 60)

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"导入流程失败: {str(e)}")
            raise


def main():
    """
    主函数
    """
    # Excel文件路径
    excel_path = r"D:\destkop\数据库对应数据.xlsx"  # 与原始文件相同
    sheet_name = "Atmo_sample"  # 指定对应的sheet名称

    try:
        # 创建导入器并执行导入
        importer = AtmoSampleDataImporter(excel_path, sheet_name)
        importer.run_import()

    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"程序执行失败: {str(e)}")
        sys.exit(1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()